• Led stroke education class to patients, families, and caregivers

  • Completed "Test Group A" course through the NIH Stroke Scale

  • Created a resource for OT Level II students on brain anatomy/function/clinical presentation

  • Researched current models of neuro-rehabilitation including Neuro-IFRAH, Bobath, NDT, PNF, OPTIMAL Motor Learning

Introduction to Stroke 

  • Utilized kinesiology taping as an intervention to address upper extremity needs

  • Educated patients on the benefits and implementation of mental practice for the upper extremity

  • Performed the Fugl-Meyer, Modified Ashworth Scale, and 9-Hole Peg Test Outcome Measures for the upper extremity

  • Implement modified constraint induced therapy

  • Created a resource comparing ten outcome measures for the upper extremity

Upper Extremity

  • Created a reference sheet of common pharmacology related to rehabilitation of tone

  • Presented a “Lunch & Learn” in-service to define and differentiate among terminology related to tone

Tone

  • Utilized TENS, FES bike, Xcite System, heat application, ice application unit to increase occupational performance

    *Distant supervision provided by PAMS certified occupational therapists

Physical Agent Modalities

  • Led a “Lunch & Learn” in-service on cognitive rehab after stroke

  • Performed treatment sessions using the Kitchen Safety Activity to assess overall cognitive skills

Cognition

  • Created a patient handout of sleep hygiene recommendations

  • Assisted in creating sleep hygiene group therapy proposal

  • Educated patients, families, and caregivers on resources to decrease anxiety while preparing to sleep 

Sleep

  • Observed a neuropsychology evaluation  

  • Participate in a session of “Love Your Brain” yoga group for brain injury and stroke survivors

  • Met with chaplain to discuss role and resources provided by chaplain services in the inpatient environment to assist patients’s needs

  • Researched and conduct screenings for depression and anxiety 

Mental Health

  • Observed a barium swallow study with SLP

  • Observed treatments with SLP focusing on swallowing

  • Incorporated compensatory feeding strategies addressing adaptive equipment, positioning, compensatory bracing, external cuing strategies, etc.

Speech and Swallowing

Resources

  1.  Kleim, J.A., & Jones, T.A. (2008). Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity: implications for rehabilitation after brain damage. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR, 51 1, S225-39 . Saebo. The Brunnstrom stages of stroke recovery. Saebo. (2021). From

     https://www.saebo.com/blog/the-stages-of-stroke-recovery/.

  2. Scheets, P.L., et al. (2021). Director of communications: Moving forward. Journal of  Neurologic Physical Therapy: 45(1):46-49. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000337. Teasell, R., Hussein, N., Iruthayarajah, J., Saikaley, M., Longval, M. (2020). Brain reorganization, recovery and organized care. In Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery’s Stroke Rehabilitation Clinician Handbook. From http://ebrsr.com/sites/default/files/EBRSR%20Handbook%20Chapter%202_Brain%20Reorganization%2C%20Recovery%20and%20Organized%20Care_2020.pdf.

  3. Teasell, R., Hussein, N., Iruthayarajah, J., Saikaley, M., Longval, M. (2020). Clinical consequences of stroke. In Canadian Partnership for Stroke

    Recovery’s Stroke Rehabilitation Clinician Handbook. From http://ebrsr.com/sites/default/files/Chapter%201_Clinical%20Consequences_0.pdf.

  4. Winstein CJ, et al., On behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Guidelines for adult stroke rehabilitation and recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2016;47:e98–e169. DOI: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000098.

  5. Wulf, G., Lewthwaite, R. (2016). Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 23:1382-1414.

  6. Byrne, D., and Ridgeway, E.. "Considering the Whole Body in Treatment of the Hemiplegic Upper Extremity." Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation 4.4 (1998): 14-34. Web.

  7. Hatem, S. M., Saussez, G., Della Faille, M., Prist, V., Zhang, X., Dispa, D., & Bleyenheuft, Y. (2016). Rehabilitation of Motor Function after Stroke: A Multiple Systematic Review Focused on Techniques to Stimulate Upper Extremity Recovery. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 10, 442. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00442

  8. Hayward, K. S., Neibling, B. A., & Barker, R. N. (2015). Self-Administered, Home-Based SMART (Sensorimotor Active Rehabilitation Training) Arm Training: A Single-Case Report. Am J Occup Ther American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 69(4),

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  9. Kang, N., Summers, J., Cauraugh, J. (2016). Transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates motor learning post-stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 87:345-355. 10.1136/jnnp-2015-311242.

  10. Kilbride, C., Hoffman, K., Tuckey, J., Baired, T., Marston, L., & DeSouza, L. (2013).

    Contemporary splinting practice in the UK for adults with neurological dysfunction: A cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 20(11), 559-566.

  11. Nicks, R., DeGruyter, M., Walkenhorst-Maccanti, H., Bernhardt, J. (2007). Changing practice for acute hemiplegic shoulder care: A best practice model. International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation. 14. 266-273. 10.12968/ijtr.2007.14.6.23896.

  12. Nilsen, D., Gillen, G., Gordon, A.M. (2010). Use of mental practice to improve upper-limb recovery after stroke; A systematic review. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 64(5):695-708. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2010.09034.

  13. Page SJ, Boe S, Levine P. What are the "ingredients" of modified constraint-induced therapy? An evidence-based review, recipe, and recommendations. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2013;31(3):299-309. doi: 10.3233/RNN-120264. PMID: 23396369.

  14. Petkunas, D., Ridgeway, E.M. (1998). Considering the whole body in treatment of the hemiplegic upper extremity. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation. 4(4):14-34. doi: 10.1310/K3X3-WN64-E65MLWG6

  15. Teasell, R., Hussein, N., Iruthayarajah, J., Saikaley, M., Longval, M. (2020). Hemiplegic upper extremity rehabilitation. In Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery’s Stroke Rehabilitation Clinician Handbook. From http://www.ebrsr.com/sites/default/files/EBRSR%20Handbook%20Chapter%204_Upper%20Extremity%20Post%20Stroke_ML.pdf.

  16. Winstein, C., Wolf, S., Dromerick, A., Lane, C., et al. (2016). Effect of a task-oriented rehabilitation program on upper extremity recovery following motor stroke. Journal of the American Medical Association 315. 571. 10.1001/jama.2016.0276.

  17. American Heart Association (2018). Effect of intrathecal baclofen on pain and quality of life in poststroke spasticity. Stroke. 49(9), 2129-2137.

    https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.022255

  18. Black, L., Gaebler-Spira, D. (2018) Nonsurgical treatment options for upper limb spasticity. Hand Clinics, 34(4), 455-464.

  19. Ivanhoe, C., Reistetter, T.A. (2004). Spasticity: The misunderstood part of the upper motor neuron syndrome. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 83(10), S3-S9. doi: 10.1097/01.PHM.0000141125.28611.3E

  20. Marciniak, C. (2011). Poststroke hypertonicity: Upper limb assessment and Treatment. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 18(3), 179-194. DOI: 10.1310/tsr1803-179

  21. Nair, K.P.S., Marsden J. (2014). The management of spasticity in adults. British Medical Journal. 349:g4737 doi:10.1136/bmj.g4737.

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  23. Tyson, S.F., Kent, R.M. (2011). The effect of upper limb orthotics after stroke: A systematic

    review. Neurorehabilitation. 28(1), 29 – 36.

  24. Knutson, J.S., Fu, M.J., Sheffler, L.R., Chae, J. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for motor restoration in hemiplegia. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America. 26(4):729-745.

  25. McPhee, S., Bracciano, A., and Rose, B. (2008). Physical agent modalities: a position paper. American Journal of Occupational Therapy 62:691-693. Retrieved from https://ajot.aota.org/article.aspx?articleid=1867124

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  27. Harvey, P.D. (2019). Domains of cognition and their assessment. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 21(3): 227-237. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.3/pharvey

  28. Middleton, E.L, Schwartz, M.F. (2012). Errorless learning in cognitive rehabilitation: A critical review. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. 22(2): 138-168.

  29. Radomski, M.V., Anheluk, M., Bartzen, M.P., Zola, J. (2016). Effectiveness of interventions to address cognitive impairments and improve occupational performance after traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70, 7003180050. http://dx.doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2016.020776

  30. Schmidt, J., Fleming, J., Ownsworth, T., Lannin, N.A. (2015). An occupation-based video feedback intervention for improving self-awareness: Protocol and rationale. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. 82(1):54-63.

  31. Skidmore, E., Dawson, D., Butter, M., et al. (2015). Strategy training shows promise for addressing disability in the first 6 months after stroke. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 29(7) 668-676.

  32. Skidmore, E. (2015). Training to optimize learning after traumatic brain injury. Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation, 3. P 99-105.

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  35. DuBose, J.R., Hadi, K. (2016). Improving inpatient environments to support patient sleep. International Journal for Quality in Health Care. 28(5): 540-553.

  36. Eris C. M. Ho, Andrew M. H. Siu. (2018). Occupational therapy practice in sleep management: A review of conceptual models and research evidence. Occupational Therapy International, Article ID 8637498. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8637498.

  37. Joa, K.L., Kim, W.H, Choi, H.Y., Park, C.H., Kim, E.S., Sook, J., et al. (2017). The effect of sleep disturbances on the functional recovery of rehabilitation inpatients following mild and moderate stroke. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 96(10):734-740.

  38. Kim, J., Kim, Y., Yang, K. I., Kim, D. E., & Kim, S. A. (2015). The Relationship Between Sleep Disturbance and Functional Status in Mild Stroke Patients. Annals of rehabilitation medicine, 39(4), 545–552. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2015.39.4.545.

  39. Ho-Yan, Y.C., Whiteley, W.N., Dennis, M.S., Mead, G.E., Carson, A.J. (2018). Anxiety after stroke: the importance of subtyping. Stroke. 49(3):556-564.

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  41. Teasell, R., Hussein, N., Iruthayarajah, J., Saikaley, M., Longval, M. (2020). Depression and community reintegration post stroke. In Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery’s Stroke Rehabilitation Clinician Handbook. From http://www.ebrsr.com/sites/default/files/EBRSR%20Handbook%20Chapter%207_Depression%20and%20Community%20Reintegration_2020_ML.pdf.

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  43. AOTA. (2017). The practice of occupational therapy in feeding, eating, and swallowing. American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 71(Supplement_2), 7112410015p1–7112410015p13. doi: https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2017.716S04

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